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I have upgraded Windows and the RAM memory on my desktop PC. I've installed 4GB of RAM and Windows 7 Home Premium (64-bit version), which is supposed to be able to address 128GB of memory, but only 2.7GB is reported as usable. The PC has an Intel Pentium 4 3.6GHz single-core processor and a DFI LanParty 925X-T2 motherboard with an Intel 925X chipset and a GeForce 8800GT graphics card.
Your DFI motherboard dates back to 2005 and supports up to 4GB of DDR2 400/533 memory. Here are the motherboard's support specifications:
Four 240-pin DDR2 DIMM sockets
Supports dual channel (128-bit wide) memory interface
Supports up to 4GB system memory
Supports DDR2 400 and DDR2 533 DIMMs
Supports ECC (x8) or non-ECC x8 and x16 DIMMs
Supports 256Mb and 512Mb DRAM densities
Supports Performance Acceleration Technology (PAT2)
Supports unbuffered DIMMs
You should check to make sure that you have memory with those support specifications. You can run the memory advisor on crucial.com (US) and crucial.com/uk (UK) to find out which memory it says is supported by that motherboard. You no doubt have bought the correct memory and other issues are responsible for the under-reporting.
A 32-bit version of Windows can only use about 3.5GB of RAM memory. Only the 64-bit versions of Windows can use 4GB and more of memory. Even with a 64-bit version, for Windows 7 (or Windows Vista) to use the full 4GB of memory, the computer must meet the following requirements:
1. - A 64-bit version of Windows must be used. (Most PCs still use 32-bit versions of Windows.)
2. - The processor must support the x64 - 64-bit - instruction set. (Most processors dating from 2005 do. To find out if a particular processor does, visit the Processors section of this website.)
3. - The motherboard's chipset must support at least 8GB of address space. Intel chipsets that have this capability include 975X, P965, 955X, which are all Intel Socket LGA775 chipsets, and all chipsets for Intel Sockets 1366 and 1156. AMD chipsets that use Socket 940, 939, AM2, AM2+ and AM3 also support 8GB of address space, which means any AMD processor dating from 2005 does, but some Intel processors dating back to 2005 don't.
4. - The system's BIOS setup program must support memory remapping, which allows the segment of system memory previously overwritten by the PCI configuration space to be re-mapped above the 4GB address line. This feature must be enabled in the BIOS. It can be difficult to locate, since, for some strange reason, there is no standard terminology for memory remapping. In the BIOS, look for a memory setting called PAE, Physical Address Extension, Memory Remap, etc. The motherboard's user manual, downloadable from its manufacturer's site if you don't have a paper copy, which explains what the BIOS settings do, might be of assistance. Make sure that it is enabled.
For example, you have 8GB of memory installed on a 64-bit system and the system reports only 3.5GB, that is most likely to be a BIOS setting on your PC's motherboard plus the system memory reserved to map the memory of the graphics card (more information on that is provided further down the page).
The information provided in the following relevant Microsoft Knowledge Base article also applies to Windows 7.
The system memory that is reported in the System Information dialog box in Windows Vista is less than you expect if 4 GB of RAM is installed -
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/929605
Only a few Intel Pentium 4 (single-core) processors support 64-bit instructions. Fortunately, yours, one of the last Pentium 4 CPUs made, using the Prescott 'F' core, does . However, memory mapping remains a problem. With modern versions of Windows such as Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7, large areas of memory between 3GB and 4GB are reserved for system devices. The processor and other peripheral devices can communicate with other devices by reading and writing memory addresses into these reserved areas.
The largest slice of memory is usually reserved for the graphics card(s). The graphics card's onboard graphics RAM memory has to be mapped to the main system RAM memory, byte for byte. Therefore, if the graphics card has, say, 512MB of memory, 512MB of installed 4GB is unusable by Windows. If you were to install two Nvidia GeForce 7950 GX2 graphics cards that have 1GB of graphics memory each, 2GB of 4GB of RAM would not be accessible by Windows.If your hardware and software were all 64-bit compatible, this mapping problem becomes less significant. It looks as if your motherboard's BIOS doesn't support memory mapping or the feature is disabled. If you can't find the option, look for a BIOS update on DFI's website. The current version's ID is provided on the startup screen if it is the one that provides a memory count, not the computer-manufacturer's logo. The free Belarc Advisor from belarc.com provides the BIOS version. If there is a higher version, you might be in luck.
Click a link below to visit the described category of computer problems and solutions addressed on this website:
1. - Recovering and repairing Windows XP when a computer crashes or fails to boot
2. - Recovering and repairing Windows Vista when a computer crashes or fails to boot
3. - Windows Vista problems: How to fix problems with Windows Vista
4. - Recover, restore and repair Windows 7 (Win7) when a computer crashes or fails to boot
5. - Windows 7 problems: How to diagnose and fix problems with Windows 7
6. - Windows XP: How to troubleshoot and fix shutdown, restart (reboot), and startup problems
7. - Typical DLL (Dynamic Link Library) device driver problems
8. - Software problems: How to fix problems with Windows, programs, and utilities
Also visit the Software pages on this site for more information on specific software-related information and problems.
10. - RAM memory problems: How to fix problems with the Random Access Memory
11. - Hard disk drive problems: How to fix computer hard disk drive (HDD) problems
12. - CD/DVD drive problems: How to fix problems with CD and DVD drives and discs
13. - Processor problems: How fix common processor (CPU) problems
14. - Video/graphics card problems: How fix common computer video and graphics problems
15. - USB and FireWire problems: - How to fix common USB and FireWire problems
16. - Network problems: How to fix common wired and wireless networking and internet problems
17. - Laptop/notebook problems: How to address or fix the most common laptop/notebook problems
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